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<title>Archie E. Mitchell</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Archie E. Mitchell</span></span>

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</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Archie Emerson Mitchell</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1918-05-01</span>)</span>May 1, 1918<br><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="Franklin%2C_Nebraska" title="Franklin, Nebraska">Franklin, Nebraska</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Disappeared</th><td class="infobox-data">May 30, 1962 (aged 44)<br><a href="Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Missing_person" title="Missing person">Missing</a> for 63 years, 2 months and 4 days</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">minister, missionary</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employer</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="Christian_and_Missionary_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian and Missionary Alliance">Christian and Missionary Alliance</a> (C&MA)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Elsie Winters Mitchell<br><small>(m.1943–1945)</small><br>Betty Patzke Mitchell<br><small>(m.1947–1962)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">4</td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>The Reverend <b>Archie Emerson Mitchell</b> (born May 1, 1918) was a minister with the <a href="Christian_and_Missionary_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian and Missionary Alliance">Christian and Missionary Alliance</a> (C&MA). He was born in Franklin, Nebraska.<sup id="cite_ref-taskforceomegainc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taskforceomegainc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He attended <a href="Simpson_University" title="Simpson University">Simpson Bible College</a> and <a href="Nyack_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyack College">Nyack Missionary College</a>. Mitchell served as a missionary to <a href="South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">South Vietnam</a> working on the staff of the <a href="Ban_Me_Thuot" class="mw-redirect" title="Ban Me Thuot">Ban Me Thuot</a> <a href="Leprosarium" class="mw-redirect" title="Leprosarium">Leprosarium</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when he was taken captive by the <a href="Vietcong" class="mw-redirect" title="Vietcong">Vietcong</a> on May 30, 1962,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> along with Daniel Amstutz Gerber<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Dr. <a href="Eleanor_Ardel_Vietti" title="Eleanor Ardel Vietti">Eleanor Ardel Vietti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> None of the three have been seen since.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2></div>

<p>Mitchell was born in 1918 in Nebraska to Glen Mitchell and his wife Daisy née Chaplin. The family moved to <a href="Ellensburg%2C_Washington" title="Ellensburg, Washington">Ellensburg, Washington</a> in 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-EDR-620530_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EDR-620530-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He attended Simpson Bible College in <a href="Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, where he met his future wife Elsie Winters.<sup id="cite_ref-EDR-620530_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EDR-620530-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were married in her home town of <a href="Port_Angeles%2C_Washington" title="Port Angeles, Washington">Port Angeles</a> in 1943, and in 1945, he began his missionary work and they moved to Oregon.<sup id="cite_ref-EDR-620530_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EDR-620530-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Balloon_bomb_deaths">Balloon bomb deaths</h2></div>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Fu-Go_balloon_bomb#Single_lethal_attack" title="Fu-Go balloon bomb">Fu-Go balloon bomb § Single lethal attack</a></div>

<p>On Saturday, May 5, 1945, Mitchell, who at that time was the pastor of the C&MA church (now called "Standing Stone Church of the Christian and Missionary Alliance") in <a href="Bly%2C_Oregon" title="Bly, Oregon">Bly, Oregon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-C4WDefault-5572744_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C4WDefault-5572744-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> led a Sunday School picnic up into the nearby mountains of southern Oregon. Accompanying Mitchell was his five-months-pregnant wife, Elsie (<a href="N%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Née">née</a> Winters), and five children from the church. Up in the mountains, Mitchell drove the car around by the road, while the others hiked through the woods. While Mitchell was getting the lunch out of the car near Leonard Creek,<sup id="cite_ref-C4WDefault-5428493_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C4WDefault-5428493-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the others called to him and said that they had found what looked to be a balloon. Unbeknownst to the group, this was a dangerous Japanese incendiary <a href="Fu-Go_balloon_bomb" title="Fu-Go balloon bomb">Fu-Go balloon bomb</a>. As Mitchell was warning them not to touch it, there was a large explosion. Mitchell ran to the spot and found the whole group dead.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>As I got out of my car to bring the lunch, the others were not far away and called to me they had found something that looked like a balloon. I had heard of Japanese balloons so I shouted a warning not to touch it. But just then there was a big explosion. I ran up there — and they were all dead.</p></blockquote><div class="templatequotecite"><p style="display: inline; padding-left: 2.3em;">— Archie Mitchell, 1945 interview<sup id="cite_ref-EDR-620530_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EDR-620530-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></div>

<p>Killed in the explosion were Elsie Mitchell, 26, and the five children: Sherman Shoemaker, 11, Jay Gifford, 13, Edward Engen, 13, Joan Patzke, 13, and Dick Patzke, 14.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were the first and only American <a href="Civilian" title="Civilian">civilians</a> to be killed by enemy action in the continental United States during <a href="World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 1950, the <a href="Weyerhaeuser" title="Weyerhaeuser">Weyerhaeuser</a> timber company built a monument at the site of the explosion. The <a href="Mitchell_Monument" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitchell Monument">Mitchell Monument</a> is constructed of native stone and displays a bronze plaque with the names and ages of the victims of the balloon bomb explosion. Weyerhaeuser donated the monument along with the surrounding land to the <a href="Fremont_National_Forest" title="Fremont National Forest">Fremont National Forest</a> in 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The monument site is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indo-China_mission">Indo-China mission</h2></div>

<p>On December 23, 1947, Mitchell with his new bride Betty (née Patzke, the older sister of two of the children killed by the fire balloon in Bly)<sup id="cite_ref-EDR-620530_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EDR-620530-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sailed to Indo-China for what was the beginning of two five-year terms of service as missionaries to the Vietnamese people of <a href="Da_Lat" title="Da Lat">Da Lat</a>. After a two-year furlough, the Mitchells' third term of service would be their assignment at the Ban Me Thuot Leprosarium.

</p><p>On Wednesday evening, May 30, 1962, Mitchell and the rest of the staff of the leprosarium were preparing to meet at Dr. Vietti's house for their weekly prayer meeting. At dusk, around 7:45 p.m., a group of 12 members of the <a href="Viet_Cong" title="Viet Cong">Viet Cong</a> entered the leprosarium grounds, which was located about nine miles from Ban Me Thuot. The Viet Cong split up into three groups of four members each, and one group met Dan Gerber, who served with the Mennonite Central Committee, and tied him up. A second group went to the Mitchell home, ordered Archie out of the house, tied him up, and led him away with Dan Gerber. This was witnessed by the members of the Mitchell family including his wife, Betty, and three of their four children, Rebecca (age 13), Loretta (age 10), and Glenn (age 8). The youngest Mitchell child, daughter Geraldine (age 4), was already asleep in bed. Another group of Viet Cong went to Vietti's house and found her in bed. She was ordered to get up, dress, and she was led out of the compound, unbound, to join the other two captives.<sup id="cite_ref-AllianceLife_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllianceLife-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Viet Cong planned to take Betty and the children captive as well, but were convinced by the missionaries that they would only fully cooperate if Betty and the children were left behind. The Viet Cong also ransacked the buildings for any supplies they could use, including linens, medicines, clothing, and surgical equipment. At around 10:00 p.m. that evening the Viet Cong left the compound taking the prisoners (Mitchell, Gerber, and Vietti) and supplies with them.<sup id="cite_ref-taskforceomegainc_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taskforceomegainc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This all happened without any shots fired or any bloodshed.<sup id="cite_ref-AllianceLife_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllianceLife-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>After their capture both American and South Vietnamese military intelligence agencies immediately discovered where the captives were probably being detained, and also confirmed that the Viet Cong used the missionaries' medical expertise to treat their own sick and wounded. While military intelligence was able to successfully track the movements of Mitchell, Gerber, and Vietti, the heavy and continuous Viet Cong presence in and around the area they were being held captive did not allow the military to mount a rescue mission. Missionary officials also attempted to negotiate for release of the captives. Although, by 1969, negotiations between the C&MA and some Viet Cong soldiers appeared close to securing their release, the negotiations collapsed and never could be reconstituted.<sup id="cite_ref-taskforceomegainc_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taskforceomegainc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<ul><li><a href="List_of_people_who_disappeared_mysteriously%3A_1910%E2%80%931990" title="List of people who disappeared mysteriously: 1910–1990">List of people who disappeared</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-taskforceomegainc-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taskforceomegainc_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taskforceomegainc_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taskforceomegainc_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taskforceomegainc.org/m602.html">Mitchell, Archie Emerson</a> taskforceomegainc.org. Accessed 2009-05-11.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pownetwork.org/bios/m/m602.htm">Mitchell, Archie Emerson</a> pownetwork.org. Accessed 2009-05-02.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pow-miafamilies.org/states/washington.pdf">Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office (DPMO), U.S. Unaccounted-For from the Vietnam War, Report for: Washington</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081127072717/http://www.pow-miafamilies.org/states/washington.pdf">Archived</a> 2008-11-27 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> pow-miafamilies.org. 2007-02-08. Accessed 2009-05-14.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gameo.org/encyclopedia/contents/G4721.html">Gerber, Daniel Amstutz (1940-1962?), Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online</a> gameo.org. Accessed 2009-05-11.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pownetwork.org/bios/v/v600.htm">Vietti, Eleanor Ardel</a> pownetwork.org. Accessed 2009-05-12.</span>

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</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=oH9OAAAAIBAJ&pg=4740%2C5683354">"Captured by guerrillas"</a>. <i>Ellensburg Daily Record</i>. 30 May 1962<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-C4WDefault-5572744-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-C4WDefault-5572744_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stelzriede.com/ms/html/sub/mshwfug2.htm">"Saw Wife and Five Children Killed by Jap Balloon Bomb"</a>. <i>Seattle Times</i>. June 1, 1945. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140417180525/http://www.stelzriede.com/ms/html/sub/mshwfug2.htm">Archived</a> from the original on April 17, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 5,</span> 2013</span>. <q>Saw Wife and Five Children Killed by Jap Balloon Bomb</q></cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.check-six.com/Crash_Sites/Bly_Incident_FuGo-1945.htm">"Cherry-Red Shrapnel"</a>. <i>Check-Six.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://potrzebie.blogspot.com/2009/04/long-before-911-there-was-55.html">POTRZEBIE Long before 9/11 there was 5/5</a> 2009-04-14. Accessed 2009-05-14.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/six-killed-in-oregon-by-japanese-bomb">"Six killed in Oregon by Japanese bomb"</a>. February 9, 2010.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard, Terry, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.oregonlive.com/terryrichard/2007/04/a_poignant_memorial.html">"Oregon connection to World War II"</a>, <i><a href="The_Oregonian" title="The Oregonian">The Oregonian</a></i>, Portland, Oregon, 5 April 2007.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/OR/Lake/state.html">“Mitchell Recreation Area”</a>, National Register of Historic Places, <i>www.nationalregisterofhistoricalplaces.com</i>, 19 June 2009.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-AllianceLife-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AllianceLife_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AllianceLife_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alliancelife.org/article.php?id=325">MISSIONARIES KIDNAPPED—HOW IT HAPPENED: Adapted from The Alliance Weekly, June 27, 1962</a>, www.alliancelife.org. November 2008. Accessed 2009-05-24.</span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fhsarchives.wordpress.com/2012/05/30/the-two-tragedies-of-archie-mitchell/">The Two Tragedies of Archie Mitchell</a>, from the <a href="Forest_History_Society" title="Forest History Society">Forest History Society</a>.</li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-03-06" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Archie_E._Mitchell&oldid=1279045299">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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